Quantum dot energy storage principle

Why are quantum dots important for energy conversion & storage?

Semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) have received huge attention for energy conversion and storage due to their unique characteristics, such as quantum size effect, multiple exciton generation effect, large surface-to-volume ratio, high density of active sites, and so on.

What is the bandgap of a quantum dot?

The basic approximation for the bandgap of a quantum dot comprises two size-dependent terms: the confinement energy, which scales as 1/ d2, and the Coulomb attraction, which scales as 1/ d. The confinement energy is always a positive term and thus the energy of the lowest possible state is always raised with respect to the bulk situation.

Can quantum dots solve the energy problem?

The rapid development of clean energy, such as solar energy, wind energy and hydrogen energy, is expected to be the key to solve the energy problem. Several excellent literature works have highlighted quantum dots in supercapacitors, lithium-sulfur batteries, and photocatalytic hydrogen production.

How does a quantum dot work?

In a quantum dot, the movement of electrons is confined in all three dimensions and there are only discrete (kx, ky, kz) states in the k -space. Each individual state in k -space can be represented by a point. The final consequence is that only discrete energy levels are allowed, which can be seen as delta peaks in the distribution D0d (E).

What is the electronic structure of a quantum dot?

The electronic structure of a quantum dot, being intermediate between the two extreme cases of single atoms and the bulk, will then be an easier concept to grasp. In Section 4, we will use the model of a free electron gas and the concept of quantum confinement to explain what happens to a solid when its dimensions shrink one by one.

What is Quantum Dot Physics and application?

Quantum dot physics and application will someday play a revolutionary role in advancing technologies such as microelectronics, and as cross-disciplinary research continues the quantum dot will likely shape the ideas of future device applications. 14.5. Summary