Stockholm natural gas storage peak shaving

How can natural gas peak shaving be regulated?

The imbalance between supply and demand leads to an inevitable problem: natural gas peak shaving regulation ( Emenike and Falcone, 2020). Currently, the most three effective ways for peak shaving regulation are underground gas storage (UGS), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and gas field peak shaving (Ma et al., 2020 ).

What is peak shaving with LNG?

Peak shaving with LNG is well-established as a means of providing an incremental supply of natural gas in order to meet energy needs on extremely cold days. The natural gas is liquefied and stored when prices are low during off-peak months. When more gas is needed – during peak demand periods – it is available.

Does UGS provide peak shaving benefit for ng supply chain?

Screening principles for different type of UGS are proposed. Peak shaving benefit of UGS for NG supply chain is given. An optimization model is formulated to get the UGS operation plan. Increasing attention has been paid to the site selection of Underground Gas Storage (UGS) due to the growing demand for natural gas peak shaving.

Which terminal is used for natural gas peak shaving?

LNG terminal is also adopted for natural gas peak shaving, in which natural gas is cooled to 111 K under atmospheric pressure, with natural gas transforming from gas to liquid and reducing its volume by about 620 times [ 17 ].

Where are peak shaving facilities located?

As a result, the need for spot market supply is reduced. The US has approximately 70 active peak shaving facilities strategically located on the pipeline system in the Northeast, Upper Midwest, and Southeast. The majority were built between 1965 and 1975 and are reaching the end of their design life.

Can LNG-sourced natural gas peak-shaving reduce energy consumption?

The finding shows good feasibility of LNG-sourced natural gas peak-shaving with gas hydrates as a novel method in the natural gas peak-shaving area, which therefore can effectively address the issue of natural gas peak-shaving with lower energy consumption.